Study of aroma compound formations and transformations during Jinxuan and Qingxin oolong tea processing

We characterised the formation and dynamic changes in the main aroma compounds produced during the manufacturing process of Jinxuan and Qingxin oolong tea. Thirty-five aroma compounds were investigated. Subsequent principal component and cluster analyses showed that the fresh leaves, spread leaves and rocked leaves of the two varieties of tea were distinguished from each other. Particularly, the aldehyde and ‘other’ compounds showed the highest correlation coefficients (0.71 and −0.70) among the principal. The heat map showed that the proportions of acetic acid, 3-methylbutanal and 2-methylbutanal significantly changed during the manufacturing process of the two tea varieties. The key amino acids (isoleucine, leucine, valine and aspartic acid) and enzymes (branched-chain amino acid aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase) involved in the synthesis of 3-methylbutanal and 2-methylbutanal differed between the two varieties during manufacture. Our study reveals the characteristics of different varieties of oolong tea and their aroma formation after manufacture using the same process.     

犹豫模糊环境下准则具有偏好关系的TODIM方法

针对智慧制造评估时专家的决策信息具有犹豫模糊不确定性问题，提出了一种关于准则具有犹豫模糊偏好关系的改进交互式多准则决策（TODIM）方法。首先提出了准则间的犹豫模糊偏好关系概念，并证明了其基本性质。在TODIM方法优势度的计算过程中，将准则权重犹豫模糊偏好关系替代原有的精确值权重，使信息的准确性最大化。将该方法用于智能制造的评估上，实例分析结果表明所提方法是可行和有效的。     

Erstes Design und Einsatz 3D‐gedruckter Strukturen in Blasensäulenreaktoren

A new method is described, in which 3D‐printed structures are implemented in bubble column reactors to dissolve the macroscopic and the microscopic influences. The effect of these structuring method on the fluid dynamic behavior, the gas distribution, mass transfer, and fluid velocity inside bubble columns is shown in this contribution.     

基于双态混沌PSO的机载激光通信视轴稳定控制

机载空间激光通信视轴稳定是激光通信链路建立的前提。在视轴稳定平台中应用自抗扰控制方法取得了良好的控制效果,但自抗扰控制需调整参数众多且缺乏规范的调整手段。针对自抗扰控制调参难的问题,本文提出了一种利用双态混沌粒子群算法优化自抗扰控制参数的方法。仿真结果表明,与PSO-PID控制方法相比,该方法具有更快的响应速度,更强的抗干扰能力和更好的鲁棒性。     

Preparation of (110)-oriented SrTiO3 film on quartz glass by laser chemical vapor deposition

SrTiO₃ (STO) film was prepared on quartz glass by laser chemical vapor deposition at a deposition temperature (T_dep) ranged from 760 to 1104 K. Effect of the T_dep on the orientation, crystallinity, texture, and microstructure of the STO film was investigated. As the T_dep was increased, the preferred orientation of the STO film tended to be (110)-orientated with corresponding texture coefficient (TC) on the (110) reflection enhanced from 2.3 to 6; meanwhile, the full width at half maximum of the ω-scan on the (110) reflection decreased from 0.85° to 0.59°. The (110)-oriented grains were in wedge shape about 60 × 150 nm in size, which tended to be flat at an elevated T_dep of 1104 K.     

Human–Cyber–Physical Systems (HCPSs) in the Context of New-Generation Intelligent Manufacturing

An intelligent manufacturing system is a composite intelligent system comprising humans, cyber systems, and physical systems with the aim of achieving specific manufacturing goals at an optimized level. This kind of intelligent system is called a human–cyber–physical system (HCPS). In terms of technology, HCPSs can both reveal technological principles and form the technological architecture for intelligent manufacturing. It can be concluded that the essence of intelligent manufacturing is to design, construct, and apply HCPSs in various cases and at different levels. With advances in information technology, intelligent manufacturing has passed through the stages of digital manufacturing and digital-networked manufacturing, and is evolving toward new-generation intelligent manufacturing (NGIM). NGIM is characterized by the in-depth integration of new-generation artificial intelligence (AI) technology (i.e., enabling technology) with advanced manufacturing technology (i.e., root technology); it is the core driving force of the new industrial revolution. In this study, the evolutionary footprint of intelligent manufacturing is reviewed from the perspective of HCPSs, and the implications, characteristics, technical frame, and key technologies of HCPSs for NGIM are then discussed in depth. Finally, an outlook of the major challenges of HCPSs for NGIM is proposed.     

基于激光闪光法的立式热扩散率测量装置研究

介绍了基于激光闪光法的立式热扩散率测量装置,利用脉冲激光对样品进行均匀加热,使样品内部产生一维热流,并通过红外探测器测量样品温升信号,采用立式真空加热炉控制测量温度环境,实现室温至1600℃的热扩散率测量。用该装置测量厚度为1. 1 mm,直径为10 mm的不锈钢样品,测量结果与PTB参考数据的偏差小于1%。     

QKD系统中基于EA电路的诱骗态实现

使用诱骗态量子秘钥方案可以解决因光子数分离攻击而导致的安全漏洞,保证了长距离量子通信的安全。本文介绍了量子通信的相关原理,通过对电吸收调制电路和激光器驱动电路的设计,精确控制产生了1550 nm波段的窄脉冲,经过内部调制成功制备诱骗态光脉冲,其强度约为信号态光脉冲的三分之一,因激光器的同一性而具有一致的光学特征从而避免了时频窃听,并具有强度可调的优点。